The operation of an air conditioner is a mystery to many of us. The ovens are easy to understand: heat the air and inject it through the house via ductwork. The boilers produce steam or hot water and move around the house through pipes. But How does your air conditioning system works?
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Think of an air conditioner as a machine that removes heat from your home and it bounces out using five interrelated parts: Refrigerant, compressor, condenser, expansion valve, evaporator coil. There are many types of air conditioning systems that can be used in the home, including window, portable, and ductless air conditioning. However, they all use the following components and direct expansion refrigeration.
The refrigerant is the "blood" pumping through the air conditioning system. Vapor changes state from gas to liquid as it picks up heat from the house and takes it outside. The refrigerant is special because it has a very low boiling point, which means that changes from liquid to vapor at low temperatures.
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Think of the compressor as a kind of "heart" of the system that pumps refrigerant through all the refrigeration components in a large loop. The refrigerant enters the compressor as a low-pressure superheated steam and out of there like a high pressure hot steam.
Condenser. From the compressor, the hot refrigerant vapor passes through the condenser. Here, the hot refrigerant vapor at high pressure is cooled by the air that is blown onto the finned condensing coils by the condenser fan, as it travels through the coil with fins.
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