Mitsubishi Cooling and Heating without Ductwork in Bellevue – What Is a Temperature Actuator?
A temperature actuator is any device that turns equipment on and off in response to temperature changes. They may use a variety of methods to measure temperature changes, including metals, chemicals or gases. Devices to control temperature can vary from a simple home thermostat for controlling heaters or air conditioners, to complex systems that control chemical reactions in industrial plants.
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Heating and air conditioning equipment is connected to a thermostat inside the building. Until the late 20th century, thermostats used a mercury switch to control the system. This temperature actuator used a bi-metallic strip, which was a coiled strip of two metals fused along their length. As the temperature changes the two metals expand or contract at slightly different rates, and the coil changes shape.
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A second type of vapor actuator is a metal hydride controller. Metal hydrides contain hydrogen molecules that become hydrogen gas as temperatures increase. The increasing hydrogen gas pressure can push against a piston and be used as a temperature actuator. Fire sprinkler systems can use these devices to open and close sprinkler heads for water control. Once the fire is put out, the hydrogen gas returns to the metal, the gas pressure drops and the sprinkler head closes.
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Electronic temperature controls began replacing mechanical devices in the late 20th century. Devices called thermistors, which are temperature-sensitive controllers with no moving parts, can be made that provide narrow temperature range control. Thermistors can be connected to control circuits that turn heating or cooling systems on and off, and are used in many digital thermostats.
